sábado, 25 de agosto de 2012
SCULPTURE
SCULPTURE
Since ancient times man has had the need to sculpt. At first it did with the simplest materials and had to hand: stone, clay and wood. Then used iron, bronze, lead, wax, plaster, clay, and more.
It's called the art of sculpting clay modeling, stone carving, wood or other materials. It is one of the Fine Arts in which the sculptor expresses volumes creating and shaping spaces.
Pablo Picasso
He had several periods that marked his career, among them are:
- Blue Period:
Performed works that used the blues, almost all of them denote much sadness in them shows elongated figures of beggars and street characters.
- Rose Period:
Picasso enters a period happier and paints scenes of clowns and circuses, with a brighter color.
- Cubist Period:
Looking for pure painting and begins to observe the objects of their workshop, so intellectual and paint them looking basic geometric shapes.
- Period surreal:
At this time used the distorted shapes, representing the monstrous and mythological, his sculptures were made of wire and sheet metal.
- Period Expressionist:
When during the civil war in Spain, Picasso painted one of his most famous paintings, Guernica in showing their rejection of war and terror inflicted on civilians during the aerial bombardment of Germany against the people of Guernica.
Pablo Gargallo
- His first works were linked to the realist tradition
- In 1911 his artistic tendency had a change following his encounter with Picasso and the influence of primitive art, which was present in the performance of their masks and their metal figures.
- In his last creative period, Modigliani painting influenced the development of his figures, among which The Prophet (1933).
- In modern art museums in Barcelona and Paris are other works like: Girl Caspe (1919), The Virtuoso (1920), Basque Ox (1930) or Spanish Dancer (1931).
Constantin Brancusi
- I always felt that the French sculptor was the starting point of contemporary sculpture.
- His early works show the influence of Rodin and the Impressionists, in 1908 after evolving into a much more personal style and starts a process in which the figures are simplified and tend towards abstraction.
Julio Gonzalez
- Was one of the most important modern artists of the first half of the twentieth century.
- His innovative cubist sculptures inclinations are mostly references to the human figure, although often abstract.
- Dedicated his work mostly to iron sculpture, often of great proportions.
Henry Moore
- He began his artistic studies after fighting in the First World War.
- His interest in archaic and classical sculpture led him to travel through Italy, France and Spain.
- Rejected the pursuit of beauty in the style of classical or Renaissance works and sought only the expression of an inner energy.
- Since 1930, the recumbent figure and motherhood were configured as their two favorite subjects, to which were added later heads and small family groups.
Alexander Calder
- In 1926 he began creating wooden animal figurines and wire, and then in 1930 to be famous for his wire sculptures, as well as for his portraits, his sketches of their abstract line and motorized constructions.
- Although the first Chupines and Calder stabiles were relatively small, gradually moving towards monumentality in his later works. His talent has been recognized in major contemporary art exhibitions which achieved great economic success and criticism.
- Among his most important works calls "Calder Clouds" which are 22 wooden panels that reflect sound and acoustic support act. They are suspended from the ceiling and (slide)
- (These floating sculptures created by the ingenuity of Calder, as requested by the architect Carlos Raúl Villanueva, make the local in one of the five rooms with the best acoustics in the world)
VANGUARDS
| VANGUARDS | |
|---|---|
| SURREALISM | The word surreal appears in the subtitle of Tiresias's tits (surreal drama), in June 1917, to refer to the creative reproduction of an object, which transforms and enriches. (The Surrealists as precedents noted surrealist company several thinkers and artists, pre-Socratic philosopher Heraclitus as the Marquis de Sade and Charles Fourier, etc.) In surrealism, Breton says that the unconscious is the region of the intellect where being no objective human reality but as a whole with it. The art in this area, but not vital communication direct representation of the individual to the whole. |
| FUTURISM | Futurism was born in Milan, Italy. This movement sought to break with tradition, the past and the symbols of the history of art. 1. Considered as major elements of poetry, courage, boldness and revolution, as it proclaimed the aggressive movement. 2. His works are characterized by color and geometric shapes, and the representation of movement and speed. 3. Futurism is the first art movement that is organized as such, is recognized and defined in 1910 by the Futurist Manifesto, published by the poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti. |
| EXPRESSIONISM | Its first manifestation was in the field of painting, along with visual arts, literature, music, film, theater, dance, photography, etc.. Expressionism is often understood as the distortion of reality to express in a more subjective nature and the human being, giving primacy to the expression of feelings rather than objective description of reality. (Expressionism was not a homogeneous movement, but of great stylistic diversity: there is a modernist expressionism, Fauvist, Cubist, Futurist, surreal, abstract, etc.) |
| FAUVISM | 1. It is characterized as aesthetic and sentimental, as a state of mind linked to the circumstances of the moment. 2. Adheres to total freedom of nature. 3. It is more expressive than realistic, reflecting primarily the colors that do not exist in reality. 4. Expresses freedom, rebellion, imagination and feelings of the artist, not following contours perfect or exact lines, but lets flow the artist's inner world. (Another feature of Fauvism is the taste for African art, black and influence that the same was in the works. This taste routed to Fauvism toward an environment increasingly edgy) |
| ABSTRACT ART | 1. Abstract art is a concept opposed to figurative art, which expresses the most essential of art, reduced chromatic aspects, formal and structural. 2. The abstraction highlights the ways, away from the imitation of nature. 3. An abstract work can not refer to something outside the work itself, but proposes a new reality other than natural. 4. That the public tends to make an autonomous visual language works because of its own significances (iconography). |